segunda-feira, abril 12, 2010

Embrapa produz biocombustível de arroz (briquetes)e arroz

BRASÍLIA – A fabricação de briquetes, biocombustíveis sólidos feitos a partir de resíduos ou subprodutos agrícolas, florestais ou industriais, poderá ser vista ao vivo pelos visitantes do TecnoShow Comigo 2010, a Grande Feira de Tecnologia Rural do Centro-Oeste. A feira acontecerá de 13 a 17 de abril, na cidade de Rio Verde (GO). Os briquetes, fabricados com palha de arroz, serão mostrados num estande da Embrapa Agroenergia.

De acordo com a Embrapa Agroenergia, os briquetes podem ser produzidos com qualquer biomassa vegetal. A matéria-prima é processada por uma briquetadeira, máquina com capacidade para transformar entre 50 e 1000 kg/h de resíduos, explica o pesquisador da Embrapa, José Dilcio Rocha. Ele vai apresentar a tecnologia durante o TecnoShow Comigo 2010.

A briquetadeira é um a invenção da empresa Bioware, de Campinhas (SP). E funciona de forma simples. Os resíduos são colocados no compartimento chamado silo de armazenagem. Em seguida, o material é conduzido para a caixa extrusora, que retira a umidade, e depois para a matriz aquecida. “A matriz que dá a forma e o tamanho do briquete que será usado como lenha”, explica Dilcio. Esses materiais são produzidos sem adição de produtos químicos ou adesivos e podem ter comprimento de 50 cm a 2 metros.

A característica principal dos briquetes é ter volume menor do que os resíduos originais, com o mesmo poder calorífico, o que favorece o manuseio e barateia o transporte. “Os briquetes podem ser vendidos para a indústria cerâmica, gesseira, laticínios, ou seja, a todo tipo de indústria que usa caldeiras”, explica Dilcio Rocha. Eles podem ainda ser usados em pizzarias, padarias, lareiras. De acordo com o pesquisador, a briquetadeira é apropriada para cooperativa ou associação de produtores.

Economia e rentabilidade no campo

Os briquetes de resíduos agrícolas, florestais ou industriais podem ser utilizados para queima em fornos, caldeiras e outros equipamentos, em substituição a lenha ou carvão vegetal ou mineral. O biocombustível substitui a lenha na sua totalidade, sem a necessidade de qualquer modificação nos equipamentos. Propicia assim economia, comodidade, rentabilidade e a garantia no fornecimento. “Esse aproveitamento ajuda na renda do pequeno produtor, além de evitar que este material seja queimado a céu aberto, causando danos ao meio ambiente”, enfatiza.

Além da casca de arroz, os briquetes podem ser produzidos com o bagaço e palha de cana-de-açúcar, bagaço de laranja, serragem e aparas de madeira obtidas em serrarias ou em fazendas de exploração florestal, cascas de coco, de babaçu, de macaúba, de pinhão manso, folhagens, resíduos orgânicos de filtração. Também podem ser utilizados troncos finos que não são aproveitáveis para a confecção de móveis ou tábuas.

Para saber mais sobre o Tecnohow Comigo 2010, clique na figura abaixo.




Fonte:

35 comentários:

Julio Spínola disse...

Sem dúvida, uma das alternativas interessantes para se produzir energia e aproveitar resíduos agrícolas.
No entanto, ainda não foi feita nenhuma pesquisa a partir da biomassa do Aguapé com finalidade energética. Este vegetal, além de limpar as águas residuarias tem um potencial de crescimento espantoso nas águas de nossos esgotos. Seu potencial de crescimento de massa verde é estupendo.
...""a biomassa de uma plantação de aguapé varia bastante (média para o Brasil da ordem de 250 a 300 toneladas por hectare). A taxa de crescimento também é variável. Em condições ótimas chega em média a 5% ao dia. Assim, se o crescimento estiver nas condições ótimas, a produção será de aproximadamente 15 toneladas de biomassa úmida por dia por hectare"...
http://vivimarc.sites.uol.com.br/hidroponia.htm
Imaginem: a 20%, em média de matéria seca, temos em condições ótimas = 1095 ton/ano de matéria seca por hectare.
Outra planta com estupendo potencial seria a palma forrageira=
SEM IRRIGAÇÃO, apenas adensando-a no plantio e adubando-a corretamente e fazendo tratos culturais de qq planta, PRODUZ 450 TON DE MATÉRIA VERDE/Ha/ANO, no sertão brasileiro, semi-árido.
Com uma irrigação de quinze em quinze dias(uma molhação) alcançou níveis de produção de mais de MIL TON/hA/ANO segundo Engº Paulo Suassuna do SEBRAE.
Além disso, sua proteína que, normalmente rivaliza com as gramíneas, mais do que dobra ao aplicamos os tratos culturais.
Chaga a alcançar 14% contra 3,5/5% das gramíneas.
UM HECTARE DE PALMA NO SERTÃO, COM ESTA TÉCNICA, ALIMENTA FOLGADAMENTE 20 VACAS, SEM IRRIGAÇÃO.
Superior ao capim elefante irrigado.
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CONCLUINDO= UM HECTARE DE AGUAPÉ EM CONDIÇÕES ÓTIMAS PRODUZ 50 VEZES MAIS MATÉRIA SECA OU ENERGIA DO QUE UM Ha. DE PALHA DE ARROZ(20 TON)

UM HECTARE DE AGUAPÉ PRODUZ EM COND ÓTIMAS 27 VEZES MAIS MATERIA SECA OU ENERGIA DO QUE UM DE CAPIM ELEFANTE, TB EM CONDIÇÕES ÓTIMAS.

UM HECTARE DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA EM CONDIÇÕES ÓTIMAS, NO SERTÃO SEMI-ÁRIDO, PRODUZ DE 2,25 A 5 VEZES A BIOMASSA DO CAPIM IRRIGADO.

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